CHAPTER 1
The Study Of Language
Introduction
Language exist : Speech, Writing, signs.
· Pragmatics : the study of principle specifying how language is used.
· Grammar : the rule of language at various level of structure.
Rules of grammar operate at various level :
· Phonetics/phonology : Focus on the smallest unit of structure in language,individual sounds.
· Morphology : learn about word & the meaning. (structure of the word).
· Syntax : studying about clause function/ word order
· Semantics : studying about the meaning or the meaning of the word.
-Lexical Semantic : the study of semantic is typically focused on such topics as the meaning of individual word.
-Deixis : the ability of words to refer to points in time or individuals in the external word.
Language and Ideology
· Prescriptivist : to tell people correct or incorrect for instance people such as teachers,editors, and writers of usage handbooks who tell people they should use language.
· Descriptivist : describing how language is used .describing a sentence
Theorizing about language
· Competence-Based : you have knowledge about the language (clever).
· Performance-Based : language is used in social context or how you make language performance in front of people.
